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VOL. 3, ISSUE 2 (2021)
Oocyte competence and cumulus cells energy Disfunction
Authors
Panferov E V, Glushakov R I, Gzgzyan A M, Tapilskaya N, Spivak I M
Abstract
Deterioration of oocyte quality occurring with age is the main factor limiting pregnancy possibility in women aged older than 35 years. During oocyte development by means of gap junctions, it is closely associated with cumulus cells. Metabolic state of the oocyte depends itself on their potential. Choice of cumulus cells for assessing reproductive potential of an oocyte is determined not only by their intimate functional relationship, but also by their convenience as a model: cumulus cells are extracted as a by-product in the process of oocyte collection during in vitro fertilization (IVF), after which they can be cultured in conditions typical for primary adherent cultures. In the process of maturation, oocyte needs constant energy support; it cannot independently synthesize the amount of ATP that it needs for normal development. Neither it can independently metabolize some other substances. Transport of ions and small molecules is carried out by means of gap junctions connecting the oocyte with cumulus cells. This relationship plays key role in normal functioning of the oocyte. Presence of such a close connection makes special demand on mitochondrial apparatus of cumulus cells. Accumulation of mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of cumulus cells may serve as a cause of cumulus cells-oocyte system insufficiency, as mitochondria do not contain such effective repair systems as the nuclear genome has, so mutations and damage accumulate in mtDNA in the course of life. caused both by errors of the own replication system and by external damaging agents. Presence of basic excisional repair system in mitochondria is known fairly well, however the problem of presence of analogues of systems for repairing double-strand breaks, repairing interstrand cross-links, and repair coupled with transcription, remains open. Study of cumulus cells energy status helps to understand an important cause of female infertility, and to determine directions of its therapeutic correction. The present mini-review highlights the state of the problem in terms of quantity and of quality of mitochondria in cumulus cells.
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Pages:01-04
How to cite this article:
Panferov E V, Glushakov R I, Gzgzyan A M, Tapilskaya N, Spivak I M "Oocyte competence and cumulus cells energy Disfunction ". International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Research, Vol 3, Issue 2, 2021, Pages 01-04
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