Introduction: Infertility, one of the most common conditions confronting gynaecologists, is known as inability to conceive after 1 year of regular unprotected marital life. Infertility is a problem of global proportion. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates 60–80 million couples worldwide suffer from infertility. Laparoscopy is the gold standard for diagnosing tubal and peritoneal disease, endometriosis and adhesions because no other imaging technique provides same degree of specificity and sensitivity. Aim of this study is to evaluate causes of primary infertility by diagnostic laparoscopy. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study include 34 women admitted in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt with 1ry infertility for diagnostic laparoscopy meeting the inclusion and exclusion criterion was included. Results: In the present study mean age was 30 years. No patient was above 40 years of age. Maximum patients i.e 35.29% were in age group of 26-30 years In the present study, most cases were presented with tubal factor of infertility 38.23% followed by ovarian factor of infertility in 23.52% followed by Peritoneal factor of infertility in14.70% followed by uterin and mixed factor of infertility in8.82% for each Normal study were found in 5.88% Conclusion: Laparoscopy plays a valuable role in the evaluation of infertility. In current study, laparoscopy helped to detect a cause in 90% of the infertile patients. large number of patients having tuboperitoneal factor for infertility (61.75%),